Support of plant

Cell types

Parenchyma	Collenchyma	Sclerenchyma
-alive	-alive	-dead
-thin cell wall	-uneven thickening of cell wall, extra deposit of cellulose	-liginifed cell wall, empty lumen
-provide support when turgid	-mechanism support with elastivity	-strong mechanism support
-lots of intercellular space -may contain chlorophyll -unspecilized	-can growth without limiting other cell	-unable to elongate when mature

 

Stem anatomy

 

Root anatomy

 

 

The comparesion between the means of support of aquatic plant and terrestrial plant

	Terrestrial plant	Aquatic plant
Collenchyma	V	X
Sclerenchyma	V	X
Air space	X	V
xylem	well developed to support, highlt lignified	poor developed, not to support

 

 

 

Structural adaptation of xylem tissue

elongated cell no end wall dead cell cell wall lignified and strengthened pits hexagonal in shape

Structural adaptation of phloem tissue

Sieve tube: elongated end wall forming sieve plates with pores no nucleus, tonoplast, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosome cytoplasmic strands plasmodoesmata linked with companion cell Companion tube: large nucleus lots of mitochondria